Garman-Klass-Yang-Zhang Historical Volatility Bands [Loxx]Garman-Klass-Yang-Zhang Historical Volatility Bands are constructed using:
Average as the middle line.
Upper and lower bands using the Garman-Klass-Yang-Zhang Historical Volatility Bands for bands calculation.
What is Garman-Klass-Yang-Zhang Historical Volatility?
Yang and Zhang derived an extension to the Garman Klass historical volatility estimator that allows for opening jumps. It assumes Brownian motion with zero drift. This is currently the preferred version of open-high-low-close volatility estimator for zero drift and has an efficiency of 8 times the classic close-to-close estimator. Note that when the drift is nonzero, but instead relative large to the volatility, this estimator will tend to overestimate the volatility. The Garman-Klass-Yang-Zhang Historical Volatility calculation is as follows:
GKYZHV = sqrt((Z/n) * sum((log(open(k)/close(k-1)))^2 + (0.5*(log(high(k)/low(k)))^2) - (2*log(2) - 1)*(log(close(k)/open(2:end)))^2))
The color of the middle line, unlike the bands colors, has 3 colors. When colors of the bands are the same, then the middle line has the same color, otherwise it's white.
Included
Alerts
Signals
Loxx's Expanded Source Types
Bar coloring
Related Indicators
Garman & Klass Estimator Historical Volatility Bands
Pesquisar nos scripts por "band"
Garman & Klass Estimator Historical Volatility Bands [Loxx]Garman & Klass Estimator Historical Volatility Bands are constructed using:
Average as the middle line.
Upper and lower bands using the Garman & Klass Estimator Historical Volatility (instead of "regular" Historical Volatility ) for bands calculation.
What is Garman & Klaus Historical Volatility?
Garman Klass is a volatility estimator that incorporates open, low, high, and close prices of a security. The Garman and Klass estimator for estimating historical volatility assumes Brownian motion with zero drift and no opening jumps (i.e. the opening = close of the previous period). This estimator is 7.4 times more efficient than the close-to-close estimator. Garman-Klass volatility extends Parkinson's volatility by taking into account the opening and closing price. As markets are most active during the opening and closing of a trading session, it makes volatility estimation more accurate. Garman and Klass also assumed that the process of price change is a process of continuous diffusion (geometric Brownian motion). However, this assumption has several drawbacks. The method is not robust for opening jumps in price and trend movements. Despite its drawbacks, the Garman-Klass estimator is still more effective than the basic formula since it takes into account not only the price at the beginning and end of the time interval but also intraday price extremums.
The Garman & Klass Estimator is as follows:
GKE = sqrt((Z/n)* sum((0.5*(log(high./low)).^2) - (2*log(2) - 1).*(log(close./open)).^2))
The color of the middle line, unlike the bands colors, has 3 colors. When colors of the bands are the same, then the middle line has the same color, otherwise it's white.
Included
Alerts
Signals
Loxx's Expanded Source Types
Bar coloring
Related indicators:
Parkinson's Historical Volatility Bands
High/Low Historical Volatility Bands [Loxx]High/Low Historical Volatility Bands are constructed using:
Average as the middle line.
Upper and lower bands using the Historical Volatility high/low (instead of "regular" Historical Volatility) for bands calculation.
What is Historical Volatility?
Historical Volatility (HV) is a statistical measure of the dispersion of returns for a given security or market index over a given period of time. Generally, this measure is calculated by determining the average deviation from the average price of a financial instrument in the given time period. Using standard deviation is the most common, but not the only, way to calculate Historical Volatility .
The higher the Historical Volatility value, the riskier the security. However, that is not necessarily a bad result as risk works both ways - bullish and bearish , i.e: Historical Volatility is not a directional indicator and should not be used as other directional indicators are used. Use to to determine the rising and falling price change volatility .
SH is stock's High price in t day.
SL is stock's Low price in t day.
High/Low Return (xt^HL) is calculated as the natural logarithm of the ratio of a stock's High price to stock's Low price.
Return:
And Parkinson's number: 1 / (4 * math.log(2)) * 252 / n * Σ (n, t =1) {math.log(Ht/Lt)^2}
An important use of the Parkinson's number is the assessment of the distribution prices during the day as well as a better understanding of the market dynamics. Comparing the Parkinson's number and periodically sampled volatility helps traders understand the tendency towards mean reversion in the market as well as the distribution of stop-losses.
The color of the middle line, unlike the bands colors, has 3 colors. When colors of the bands are the same, then the middle line has the same color, otherwise it's white.
Included
Alerts
Signals
Loxx's Expanded Source Types
Bar coloring
Related indicators:
Parkinson's Historical Volatility Bands
Historical Volatility Bands
Parkinson's Historical Volatility Bands [Loxx]Parkinson's Historical Volatility Bands are constructed using:
Average as the middle line.
Upper and lower bands using the Parkinson's historical volatility (instead of "regular" Historical Volatility) for bands calculation.
What is Parkinson's Historical Volatility?
The Parkinson's number, or High Low Range Volatility developed by the physicist, Michael Parkinson in 1980, aims to estimate the Volatility of returns for a random walk using the High and Low in any particular period. IVolatility.com calculates daily Parkinson values. Prices are observed on a fixed time interval: n = 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 days.
SH is stock's High price in t day.
SL is stock's Low price in t day.
High/Low Return (xt^HL) is calculated as the natural logarithm of the ratio of a stock's High price to stock's Low price.
Return:
And Parkinson's number: 1 / (4 * math.log(2)) * 252 / n * Σ (n, t =1) {math.log(Ht/Lt)^2}
An important use of the Parkinson's number is the assessment of the distribution prices during the day as well as a better understanding of the market dynamics. Comparing the Parkinson's number and periodically sampled volatility helps traders understand the tendency towards mean reversion in the market as well as the distribution of stop-losses.
The color of the middle line, unlike the bands colors, has 3 colors. When colors of the bands are the same, then the middle line has the same color, otherwise it's white.
Included
Alerts
Signals
Loxx's Expanded Source Types
Bar coloring
MTF EMA Ribbon & Bands + BBMulti Timeframe Exponential Moving Average Ribbon & Bands + Boillinger Bands
I used the script "EMA Ribbon - low clutter, configurable " by adam24x, I made some color change and I added a few indicators (Boillinger Bands, EMA on multi timeframe and EMA bands from "34 EMA Bands " by VishvaP).
The script can display various EMA from the chart's timeframe but also EMA from other timeframes.
Bollinger Bands and EMA bands can also be added to the chart.
Bollinger Bands Breakout Oscillator [LuxAlgo]The Bollinger Bands Breakout Oscillator is an oscillator returning two series quantifying the significance of breakouts between the price and the extremities of the Bollinger Bands indicator.
Settings
Length: Period of the Bollinger Bands indicator
Mult: Controls the width of the Bollinger Bands
Src: Input source of the indicator
Usage
Each series is calculated by summing the distance between price and a respective Bollinger Bands extremity in the case price is outside this extremity and divided by the sum of the absolute distance between price and a respective extremity. This sum is done over the most recent Length bars.
Bullish breakouts are represented by the green areas of the indicator, while bearish breakouts are represented by the red areas of the indicator.
The oscillator can determine the presence of an uptrend when the bullish area is superior to the bearish area, while a downtrend is indicated by a bearish area being superior to the bullish one. The significance of the breakout is determined by the amplitude of each area, with higher amplitudes indicating more significant breakouts or strong trends.
Using higher Mult values would naturally return wider bands, which would induce less frequent breakouts, this would be highlighted by the oscillator.
In the chart above we can see the oscillator using a multiplicative factor of 2.
Bitcoin Weekly Support BandsMy first ever attempt at a custom script. I took Benjamin Cowen's concept of the Bitcoin Bull Market Support Band and applied it to the 100 week and 200 week moving averages. I also added in the 300 week sma. I mainly wanted to have all these in one indicator.
Y/Q/M/W aVWAP BandsYearly, Quarterly, Monthly or Weekly VWAP with Standard Deviation Envelope
Previous Y/Q/M/W VWAP and Band are extended forward automatically*
VWAP standard deviation envelope serves as a kind of Value Area, with the boundaries of the envelope acting as support and resistance. Previous envelops often show confluence with price action once price retests them.
Helpful to form a bias on the available time frames, find areas of support and resistance, and determine acceptance/rejection from breakouts or consolidations.
* this is a unique feature of this script
Mobo BandsThis indicator is the Mobo Bands (Momentum Breakout Bands). These bands are bollinger bands that have an adjusted standard deviation. There are Buy signals when it has momentum breakouts above the bands for moves to the upside and Sell signals when it has momentum breakouts below the bands for moves to the downside. The bands simply suggest that all markets have periods of chop which we all know to be true. While the price is inside the bands it is said to be trendless. Once the breakouts happen you can take trades in the breakout direction. I like to use these to swing trade options on the hourly timeframe but the bands should work on most instruments and timeframes. I like to use it to take swings on SPY on the 1 hour chart for entries and use the Daily chart for trend confirmation.
Harry Dunn Volatility BandsEnter strike price and 2 percentage numbers to automatically calculate and draw volatility bands on chart.
ATR Bands over 50D SMA (% method)Indicator that shows multiples of ATR% above the 50d SMA as bands on a chart, building off of
Jeff Sun 's methodology. You should tinker with the settings to chose your multiples, colors and which multiple lines to show. I don't know if the negative multiple lines have any use, so I turn mine off. Offered as is. I am not a programmer. Note the other indicators shown on the print screen are not mine.
HMA Bollinger BandsThis script is Bollinger Bands with Hull Moving average as a basis. Users using HMA will benefit from this
Volatility % Bands (O→C)Volatility % Bands (O→C) is an indicator designed to visualize the percentage change from Open to Close of each candle, providing a clear view of short-term momentum and volatility.
**Histogram**: Displays bar-by-bar % change (Close vs Open). Green bars indicate positive changes, while red bars indicate negative ones, making momentum shifts easy to identify.
**Moving Average Line**: Plots the Simple Moving Average (SMA) of the absolute % change, helping traders track the average volatility over a chosen period.
**Background Bands**: Based on the user-defined Level Step, ±1 to ±5 zones are highlighted as shaded bands, allowing quick recognition of whether volatility is low, moderate, or extreme.
**Label**: Shows the latest candle’s % change and the current SMA value as a floating label on the right, making it convenient for real-time monitoring.
This tool can be useful for volatility breakout strategies, day trading, and short-term momentum analysis.
Multi-Length Quad Bollinger BandsHere is a Pine Script code for TradingView that plots four separate Bollinger Bands on your chart. The lengths are preset to 14, 50, 100, and 200, but every aspect—including lengths, standard deviations, colors, and the source price—is fully customizable through the script's settings menu.
The 14 and 50-period bands are enabled by default, while the 100 and 200-period bands are disabled to keep the chart clean initially. You can easily toggle any of them on or off.
COG-10 + Deviation BandsClassic Center of Gravity, COG
«Center of Gravity»
COG is a weighted moving average, in which new bars have more weight, and old ones have less.
Formula (Pine equivalent):
COG = – Σ (price × (i+1)) / Σ price
• i = 0 – the most recent bar
• i = length-1 – the oldest bar
The minus sign simply flips the curve so that the extremes coincide with the price reversals.
Bars: | 9 | 8| 7 | 6| 5| 4| 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Weight: |1 | 2 | 3 | 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 | 9| 10|
Where COG is used
Reversal zones
– when the price moves far from the COG, it is considered «overbought/oversold»; return to COG – potential reversal.
Dynamic support/resistance
– in a sideways trend, the price often bounces off the COG.
Trend filter
– if COG grows → uptrend, falls → downtrend.
Strategy pairs
• COG + deviation bands (analogous to Bollinger) is given in lines
• COG + RSI – confirmation of divergences
• COG + volume (weighted by volume) is given in yellow lines
Перевод для русской аудитории
Classic Center of Gravity, COG
«Центр тяжести»
COG – это взвешенное скользящее среднее, в котором новые бары имеют больший вес, а старые – меньший.
Формула (Pine-эквивалент):
COG = – Σ (price × (i+1)) / Σ price
• i = 0 – самый свежий бар
• i = length-1 – самый старый бар
Знак «минус» просто переворачивает кривую, чтобы экстремумы совпадали с разворотами цены.
Бары: | 9 | 8| 7 | 6| 5| 4| 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Вес: |1 | 2 | 3 | 4| 5| 6| 7| 8 | 9| 10|
Где применяют COG
Разворотные зоны
– когда цена отходит далеко от COG, считается «перекупленностью/перепроданностью»; возврат к COG – потенциальный разворот.
Динамическая опора/сопротивление
– в боковике цена часто отталкивается от COG.
Фильтр тренда
– если COG растёт → восходящий тренд, падает → нисходящий.
Пары стратегий
• COG + полосы отклонения (аналог Bollinger) приводится в линиях
• COG + RSI – подтверждение дивергенций
• COG + объём (взвешивать по volume) приводится в желтых линиях
EMA9, EMA200 with Bollinger BandsThe indicator includes the EMA9 line, the EMA200 line and the Bollinger Bands into a single indicator plot.
Adaptive Fibonacci Volatility Bands (AFVB)
**Adaptive Fibonacci Volatility Bands (AFVB)**
### **Overview**
The **Adaptive Fibonacci Volatility Bands (AFVB)** indicator enhances standard **Fibonacci retracement levels** by dynamically adjusting them based on market **volatility**. By incorporating **ATR (Average True Range) adjustments**, this indicator refines key **support and resistance zones**, helping traders identify **more reliable entry and exit points**.
**Key Features:**
- **ATR-based adaptive Fibonacci levels** that adjust to changing market volatility.
- **Buy and Sell signals** based on price interactions with dynamic support/resistance.
- **Toggleable confirmation filter** for refining trade signals.
- **Customizable color schemes** and alerts.
---
## **How This Indicator Works**
The **AFVB** operates in three main steps:
### **1️⃣ Detecting Key Fibonacci Levels**
The script calculates **swing highs and swing lows** using a user-defined lookback period. From this, it derives **Fibonacci retracement levels**:
- **0% (High)**
- **23.6%**
- **38.2%**
- **50% (Mid-Level)**
- **61.8%**
- **78.6%**
- **100% (Low)**
### **2️⃣ Adjusting for Market Volatility**
Instead of using **fixed retracement levels**, this indicator incorporates an **ATR-based adjustment**:
- **Resistance levels** shift **upward** based on ATR.
- **Support levels** shift **downward** based on ATR.
- This makes levels more **responsive** to price action.
### **3️⃣ Generating Buy & Sell Signals**
AFVB provides **two types of signals** based on price interactions with key levels:
✔ **Buy Signal**:
Occurs when price **dips below** a support level (78.6% or 100%) and **then closes back above it**.
- **Optionally**, a confirmation buffer can be enabled to require price to close **above an additional threshold** (based on ATR).
✔ **Sell Signal**:
Triggered when price **breaks above a resistance level** (0% or 23.6%) and **then closes below it**.
📌 **Important:**
- The **buy threshold setting** allows traders to **fine-tune** entry conditions.
- Turning this setting **off** generates **more frequent** buy signals.
- Keeping it **on** reduces false signals but may result in **fewer trade opportunities**.
---
## **How to Use This Indicator in Trading**
### 🔹 **Entry Strategy (Buying)**
1️⃣ Look for **buy signals** at the **78.6% or 100% Fibonacci levels**.
2️⃣ Ensure price **closes above** the support level before entering a long trade.
3️⃣ **Enable or disable** the buy threshold filter depending on desired trade strictness.
### 🔹 **Exit Strategy (Selling)**
1️⃣ Watch for **sell signals** at the **0% or 23.6% Fibonacci levels**.
2️⃣ If price **breaks above resistance and then closes below**, consider exiting long positions.
3️⃣ Can be used **alone** or **combined with trend confirmation tools** (e.g., moving averages, RSI).
### 🔹 **Using the Toggleable Buy Threshold**
- **ON**: Buy signal requires **extra confirmation** (reduces false signals but fewer trades).
- **OFF**: Buy triggers as soon as price **closes back above support** (more signals, but may include weaker setups).
---
## **User Inputs**
### **🔧 Customization Options**
- **ATR Length**: Defines the period for **ATR calculation**.
- **Swing Lookback**: Determines how far back to find **swing highs and lows**.
- **ATR Multiplier**: Adjusts the size of **volatility-based modifications**.
- **Buy/Sell Threshold Factor**: Fine-tunes the **entry signal strictness**.
- **Show Level Labels**: Enables/disables **Fibonacci level annotations**.
- **Color Settings**: Customize **support/resistance colors**.
### **📢 Alerts**
AFVB includes built-in **alert conditions** for:
- **Buy Signals** ("AFVB BUY SIGNAL - Possible reversal at support")
- **Sell Signals** ("AFVB SELL SIGNAL - Possible reversal at resistance")
- **Any Signal Triggered** (Useful for automated alerts)
---
## **Who Is This Indicator For?**
✅ **Scalpers & Day Traders** – Helps identify **short-term reversals**.
✅ **Swing Traders** – Useful for **buying dips** and **selling rallies**.
✅ **Trend Traders** – Can be combined with **momentum indicators** for confirmation.
**Best Timeframes:**
⏳ **15-minute, 1-hour, 4-hour, Daily charts** (works across multiple assets).
---
## **Limitations & Considerations**
🚨 **Important Notes**:
- **No indicator guarantees profits**. Always **combine** it with **risk management strategies**.
- Works best **in trending & mean-reverting markets**—may generate false signals in **choppy conditions**.
- Performance may vary across **different assets & timeframes**.
📢 **Backtesting is recommended** before using it for live trading.
Bollinger Bands with Narrow ConsolidationThe indicator is based on the standard Bollinger Bands indicator in TradingView. Its main difference is the ability to display narrow consolidation zones (with an adjustable percentage) and generate signals in these zones.
Narrow consolidation zones can be considered as a signal before the start of a strong trend, whether upward or downward.
Индикатор построен на стандартном индикаторе полос боллинджера в трейдинг вью. Его отличие заключается в том, что здесь есть возможность отображения зон узкой консолидации (процент настраивается) и генерации сигналов на этих зонах.
Зоны узкой консолидации можно рассматривать как сигнал перед началом сильного треда как восходящего, так и нисходящего.
ROE BandROE Band shows the return on net profit from shareholders' equity and the formula for decomposition
ROE = ROA x CSL x CEL
ROE Band consists of 5 parts:
1. ROE (TTM) is the 12-month ROE calculation in "green"
2. Return on Equity (ROE) is the current quarterly net profit / the average of the beginning and ending periods of shareholders' equity in "yellow"
3. Return on Assets (ROA) is the current quarterly NOPAT (net profit before tax) / the average of the beginning and ending periods of total assets in "blue"
4. Capital structure leverage (CSL) is a financial measure that compares a company's debt to its total capital. It is calculated by taking the average of the beginning and ending periods of total assets / the average of the beginning and ending periods of shareholders' equity. The higher the CSL, the more deb, in. "red"
5. Common earnings leverage (CEL) is the proportion of net profit and NOPAT (net profit before tax), where a lower CEL means more tax, in "orange"
The "😱" emoji represents the value if it increases by more than or decreases by less than 20%, e.g.
- ROE(TTM), ROE, ROA, CEL is decreasing
- CSL is increasing
The "🔥" emoji represents the value if it increases by more than or decreases, e.g.
- ROE(TTM), ROE, ROA, CEL is increasing
- CSL is decreasing
TMA Bands TMA (Triangular Moving Average):
Üçgen hareketli ortalamalar, fiyat verilerini yumuşatarak trendi daha net göstermek için kullanılır.
"Centered Asymmetric Bands" terimi, bu indikatörün merkezlenmiş bir yapıda çalıştığını ve farklı genişliklerde bantlar içerdiğini gösteriyor.
Polygonal Pivot Bands [FXSMARTLAB]The Polygonal Pivot Bands highlights key price pivots, dynamic support and resistance levels, and recent price action on a trading chart. This indicator connects pivot highs and lows with a zigzag line, extends a real-time dashed line to the latest price point, and plots diagonal support/resistance levels that adapt to price movement. These elements together provide traders with a view of significant price zones and potential trend shifts.
Key Components of the Indicator
Pivots are calculated based on user-defined lengths, specifying how many bars on either side of a high or low are required to validate it as a pivot.
Adjustable left and right pivot lengths allow traders to control the sensitivity of pivot detection, with higher values resulting in fewer, more prominent pivots, and lower values increasing sensitivity to price changes.
Zigzag Line
The zigzag line connects consecutive pivot points, filtering out smaller fluctuations and emphasizing the broader direction of price movement.
Users can customize the line's color and thickness to match their preferences, helping them focus on larger trends and potential reversal points.
By linking pivot highs and lows, the zigzag pattern highlights the overall trend and potential points of reversal.
Real-Time Connector Line
A dashed line extends from the last confirmed pivot to the latest price point, providing a real-time, bar-by-bar update of the current price relative to the previous pivot.
This line does not project future price direction but maintains an up-to-date connection with the current price, showing the distance from the last pivot.
Its color and thickness are customizable for improved visibility on the chart.
Dynamic Support and Resistance Levels
The indicator plots dynamic support and resistanc e levels by connecting recent pivot highs and lows, resulting in lines that may appear diagonal rather than strictly horizontal.
These levels move in line with price action, adapting to the natural direction of trends, and offer visual cues where price may encounter support or resistance.
Colors and thickness of these lines can be set individually, allowing traders to adjust visibility according to their preferences.
Enabling these lines gives traders an ongoing reference for critical price boundaries that align more closely with the overall trend.
Cash Cycle BandCash cycle band shows the number of days and the profit margin compared to the previous period (it does not indicate how profitable the company is, but how well it is managed).
Cash cycle band consists of 6 sections:
1. DPO is the days payables outstanding in the "red" followed by O/D which is overdraft or short-term debt (if any) .
2. DIO is the days inventory outstanding in the "green" followed by classified inventory (if any) consists of finished goods. work in process and raw materials.
3. DSO is days sales outstanding in "blue".
4. DWC is days converting working capital to revenue in "orange".
5. CCC is days converting inventory and resources to cash flow in "yellow".
6. GPM is gross profit margin and OPM is operating profit margin.
The "😱" emoji indicates a value if it increases by more than or decreases by less than 20%, e.g.
- DPO, finished goods, work in process, raw materials, GPM, OPM is decreasing.
- O/D, DIO, DSO, DWC, CCC is increasing.
The "🔥" emoji indicates a value if it increases by more than or decreases, e.g.
- DPO, finished goods, work in process, raw materials, GPM, OPM is increasing.
- O/D, DIO, DSO, DWC, CCC is decreasing.
The order of the list depends on the day of each item, the more days more high.
PEV Price BandThe PEV Price Band shows prices calculated using the high and low P/FQ EV of the previous period. (price to enterprise value per share for the last quarter) multiplied by FQ's current EVPS (similar to comparing marketcap to enterprise value but edit equations that are close to the theory of P/E)
If the current price is lower than the minimum P/EVPS, it is considered cheap. In other words, a current price is above the maximum is considered expensive.
PEV Price Band consists of 2 parts.
- First of all, the current P/EVPS value is "green" (if the markecap is less than the enterprise value) or "red" (if the marketcap is more than the enterprise value) or "gold" (if the market value is less than the enterprise value and less than equity)
- Second, the blue line is the closing price.
